Formant frequencies of vowels in 13 accents of the British Isles

International audienceThis study is a formant-based investigation of the vowels of male speakers in 13 accents of the British Isles. It provides F1/F2 graphs (obtained with a semi-automatic method) which could be used as starting points for more thorough analyses. The article focuses on both phonetic realization and systemic phenomena, and it also provides detailed information on automatic formant measurements. The aim is to obtain an up-to-date picture of within-and between-accent vowel variation in the British Isles. F1/F2 graphs plot z-scored Bark-transformed formant frequencies, and values in Hertz are also provided. Along with the findings, a number of methodological issues are addressed

Approaches to Phonological Complexity

International audienceThe proposed volume draws on an interdisciplinary sketch of the phonetics-phonology interface in the light of complexity. Composed of several first-order contributions, it will consequently be a significant landmark at the time of the rise of several projects linking complexity and linguistics around the world

ESC Joint Working Groups on Cardiovascular Surgery and the Cellular Biology of the Heart Position Paper: Perioperative myocardial injury and infarction in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery

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Research and Design of a Routing Protocol in Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

无线传感器网络，作为全球未来十大技术之一，集成了传感器技术、嵌入式计算技术、分布式信息处理和自组织网技术，可实时感知、采集、处理、传输网络分布区域内的各种信息数据，在军事国防、生物医疗、环境监测、抢险救灾、防恐反恐、危险区域远程控制等领域具有十分广阔的应用前景。 本文研究分析了无线传感器网络的已有路由协议，并针对大规模的无线传感器网络设计了一种树状路由协议，它根据节点地址信息来形成路由，从而简化了复杂繁冗的路由表查找和维护，节省了不必要的开销，提高了路由效率，实现了快速有效的数据传输。 为支持此路由协议本文提出了一种自适应动态地址分配算——ADAR（AdaptiveDynamicAddre...As one of the ten high technologies in the future, wireless sensor network, which is the integration of micro-sensors, embedded computing, modern network and Ad Hoc technologies, can apperceive, collect, process and transmit various information data within the region. It can be used in military defense, biomedical, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, counter-terrorism, remote control of haz...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院通信工程系_通信与信息系统学号：2332007115216

Vowel systems and accent similarity in the British Isles: exploiting multidimensional acoustic distances in phonetics

International audienceWe illustrate how a high-dimension feature space typically used in speech technology can be adapted to the phonetic description of vowels in 13 accents of the British Isles. In a previous work (Ferragne & Pellegrino, 2010), we carried out a formant investigation of the vowel systems of the British Isles; due to erroneous formant estimation, two-thirds of the speakers had to be left out. The present article is therefore an attempt to overcome the methodological difficulties brought about by the use of formants. This novel methodology makes use of distances between vowels in the Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) space. First, hierarchical clustering and multidimensional scaling (MDS) are applied,and tree diagrams and MDS plots are displayed in order to make the data phonetically interpretable. By making distances explicit, this approach to acoustic vowel description facilitates the spotting of phonemic mergers and splits. This part of the study is complemented with an exploratory analysis of the duration of some vowel pairs whose members are acoustically very close to each other. Second, correlations between individual vowel distance matrices are computed, yielding an estimate of the acoustic distance between accents. The explanatory power of these distances is then assessed with hierarchical clustering and MDS. Our ultimate goal is to draw a parallel between the findings obtained with our unconventional method and previous phonetic descriptions, and to benchmark this new methodology against the results in Ferragne and Pellegrino (2010)

Développement de ressources en swahili pour un sytème de reconnaisance automatique de la parole (Developments of Swahili resources for an automatic speech recognition system) [in French]

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Étude acoustique de la production de voyelles de l'anglais par des apprenants francophones

National audienceLike every late L2-learner, French native speakers are characterized by a foreign accent. The literature emphasizes that the vowels /ɪ/, /ʌ/ and /æ/ in particular are pronounced “à la française”. This study presents the acoustic parameters of the English vowels /ɪ/, /i:/, /æ/, /ʌ/ and /ɑ:/ produced by 38 native English speakers and 48 French learners of English compared to those of the French vowels /a/, /e/, /i/ et /oe/ produced by the same learners. The results first show more variability in the L2 compared to L1 productions. Furthermore, we observe a great confusion between categories in L2 for the /i: - ɪ/ contrast and the opposite effect in the region of the [a]. We show that L2 learners did produce duration contrasts but not to the same extent as the natives. Finally, the formant dynamic analysis of /i:/ and /i/ may suggest that the English native speakers do not all produce a diphthongal /i:/.Les apprenants francophones tardifs de l'anglais présentent un accent étranger dont la littérature souligne qu'il est particulièrement marqué, en ce qui concerne les voyelles, pour /ɪ/, /ʌ/ et /ae/ qui seraient prononcées « à la française ». Nous avons étudié les paramètres acoustiques des voyelles /ɪ/, /i:/, /ae/, /ʌ/ et /ɑ:/ de l'anglais produites par 38 locuteurs natifs de l'anglais et par 48 apprenants de langue maternelle française, ainsi que ceux des voyelles /a/, /e/, /i/ et /oe/ du français produites par ces mêmes apprenants. Les résultats montrent tout d'abord une plus grande variabilité des productions en L2 qu'en L1. De plus, les productions en L2 du contraste /i:-ɪ/ présentent une grande confusion entre les deux catégories, alors que l'effet inverse est observé dans la région du [a]. Nos données montrent également que les apprenants produisent les contrastes de durée mais de manière moins marquée que les locuteurs natifs. Enfin, l'étude de la dynamique des formants pour les voyelles /i:/ et /i/ suppose une variabilité dans la diphtongaison du /i:/ produit par les natifs

Effects of perception and production trainings on the production of English vowels by French native learners

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Complexity in Language. Developmental and Evolutionary Perspectives

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Looking out from the Tower: Inreach Designed to Broaden Awareness of Extra-Academic Opportunities

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